Tell me about the relationship of religion and science Essay

Tell me about the relationship of religion and science - Essay Example This cannot be denied that both religion and science contradict each other in many important ways. There has been fierce completion between the two since the time of Galileo. This essay aims to illustrate the extent to which this statement could be held true that religion and science are mutually exclusive. To achieve this end, religion and science will be compared to each other on different levels discussed in following section of the essay. It will be explored why science and religion appear to be at odds with each other and if there is any chance of creating harmony between these two entities or not. It is important to mention the name of Ian Barbour when exploring the relationship between religion and science. This is because Barbour is an expert of demonstrating the position of religion in an age of science. He has explored many troubling issues in science and religion. He also demonstrated how science promotes secularity which is inhibited by religion. Religious societies do everything in their capacity to uphold religion and smother secularity. It is not as if they disregard science, rather they accept it. But, too much science can be dangerous for religion as one of the most important scientific concepts like evolution questions the religious significance of Adam and Eve. According to Barbour, there are four ways of relating religion and science namely conflict, independence, dialogue, and integration. Each of these ways helps to understand the relationship between religion and science. On a level of conflict, it has to be understood that there are many conflicts between cl assical religious dogmas and modern science. Differences are not respected by either school of thought. Modern science swallows religion and religion does the same to science. Barbour stresses that fight between the two groups â€Å"can be avoided if they occupy separate territories† (Barbour). On a level of

Rivers and Tides Essay Example for Free

Rivers and Tides Essay I love golf. I love playing the game. Most people, especially those belonging to the younger age bracket may snigger and say golf is very slow paced. Thus, it is a game for adults, since it requires little energy compared to other sports or games like basketball or football. To those people, I ask you to reconsider. Golf, a very old game, has endured time and has proven to be very good to a person’s health. While it does not require from its players perfect cardiovascular shape, it does demand that a player possess stamina, flexibility, and coordination, among others. It requires one to stay outdoors for long periods of time and tread the contours of a golf course for as long as the golf ball does not enter the hole or the cup. For me, however, my love affair with golf is not based on health reasons alone. I am addicted to the positive feeling of being challenged to do better every time. I take note that no two golf courses are the same; and I look forward to grabbing the opportunity to conquer each new golf course that I play on. This feeling of exhilaration, excitement and determination drives me to be a better player and a healthier person, for I know that in reality, my competitors are not those friends whom I intend to defeat every time. Rather, my real competitor is myself, for every time I play my only desire is to do better and outdo myself.

Bush on Cloning :: essays research papers

Human cloning is the laboratory production of individuals who are genetically identical to another human being. Cloning is achieved by putting the genetic material from a donor into a woman's egg, which has had its nucleus removed. As a result, the new or cloned embryo is an identical copy of only the donor. Human cloning has moved from science fiction into science. One biotech company has already began producing embryonic human clones for research purposes. Chinese scientists have derived stem cells from cloned embryos created by combining human DNA and rabbit eggs. Others have announced plans to produce cloned children, despite the fact that laboratory cloning of animals has lead to spontaneous abortions and terrible, terrible abnormalities. Human cloning is deeply troubling to me, and to most Americans. Life is a creation, not a commodity. (Applause.) Our children are gifts to be loved and protected, not products to be designed and manufactured. Allowing cloning would be taking a significant step toward a society in which human beings are grown for spare body parts, and children are engineered to custom specifications; and that's not acceptable. In the current debate over human cloning, two terms are being used: reproductive cloning and research cloning. Reproductive cloning involves creating a cloned embryo and implanting it into a woman with the goal of creating a child. Fortunately, nearly every American agrees that this practice should be banned. Research cloning, on the other hand, involves the creation of cloned human embryos which are then destroyed to derive stem cells. I believe all human cloning is wrong, and both forms of cloning ought to be banned, for the following reasons. First, anything other than a total ban on human cloning would be unethical. Research cloning would contradict the most fundamental principle of medical ethics, that no human life should be exploited or extinguished for the benefit of another. (Applause.) Yet a law permitting research cloning, while forbidding the birth of a cloned child, would require the destruction of nascent human life. Secondly, anything other than a total ban on human cloning would be virtually impossible to enforce. Cloned human embryos created for research would be widely available in laboratories and embryo farms. Once cloned embryos were available, implantation would take place. Even the tightest regulations and strict policing would not prevent or detect the birth of cloned babies. Third, the benefits of research cloning are highly speculative.

Winesburg Ohio Critical Analysis Essay -- Critical Analysis

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Written by Sherwood Anderson in 1919, Winesburg, Ohio, a collection of short stories, allows us to enter the alternately complex, lonely, joyful, and strange lives of the inhabitants of the small town of Winesburg, Ohio. While each character finds definition through their role in the community, we are witness to the individual struggle each faces in trying to reconcile their secret life within. A perfect example of two characters are Alice Hindman and Enoch Robinson. The loneliness and illusion that encompass the lives of Alice Hindman and Enoch Robinson are the result of the discrepancy between their own capacity for intimacy and affection and the inability of others to truly understand them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the short story, â€Å"Adventure†, Alice Hindman lives a life full of illusions and loneliness. Alice is a very quiet person on the exterior while a passion boils underneath. Alice Hindman is limited by life denying truths and guilty of allowing them to run her life. She believes in love and tradition absolutely. Alice’s blindness to the changing social mores limits her capacity to progress forward in life. She become consumed instead by the idea of herself and her memories. â€Å"It is not going to come to me. I will never find happiness. Why do I tell myself lies?† (Anderson 117). If she cannot have Ned, she will have no other.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This extremity of emotion brings her to downfall. Her tendency to limit her own abilities by her nature of fixed habits or unmovable convictions isolates Alice from her community and distorts her features. She had once been a beautiful girl but grows into a woman with a head too large for her body. This is symbolic of her self-consumption, loneliness, and illusions. â€Å"I am becoming old and queer. If Ned comes he will not want me.† (Anderson 117). She grows to support the theme of life in death, living within her own imagination and memory to the point that her head is nearly expanding under the stress. She denies herself the reality of life by narrowing the experience to a dream world. By making absolute convictions and believing her own lies, Alice refuses to meld her worlds of dream and reality together. For example, Will Hurley, the man who walks her home from Church meetings, is an impostor into her narrowly constructed universe and thus she does no t want to... ...asy life. When a woman invades this life, he cannot compromise the two worlds once again and one must be destroyed. â€Å"Enoch Robinson is so open to the power of the feminine that he feels his own identity would be â€Å"submerged, drowned out† by any intimate relationship with a real woman.â€Å" (Rigsbee 435). Of course, Enoch’s attempts at happiness would be destroyed but the story lies in the story of Enoch’s absolute hold on his particular truths which cannot be maintained. Enoch continued to live a lonely life, full of illusions. â€Å"I’m alone, all alone here. It was warm and friendly in my room but now I’m all alone.† (Anderson 178).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Alice Hindman and Enoch Robinson were two perfect examples of how a person can live a life full of illusions and loneliness. The main cause of their distorted lives was due to the inability of others to truly understand them. For example, Ned and Alice’s friends didn’t understand Alice and Enoch’s wife and art friends didn’t understand them. This caused them to make their own lives interesting, which they did by creating illusions, which also encompassed unwanted loneliness from Alice and Enoch both.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  

Is Higher Education Worth the Price Essay

When someone hears the term â€Å"higher education† the first thought tends to be college, of course. College has always been thought of as the one-way ticket to a high salary occupation. The reality of the situation is that while that may be true in some cases, it’s not as easy at it seems to receive that ticket aka the Bachelor’s degree. College tuition is a large amount and it’s even more expensive to attend college only to drop out. This leaves the student with no degree and vast amounts of debt. That debt is averaging 20,000 dollars for four years of schooling. Higher education is beneficial for anyone with the dedication to attending and knowing what they are striving for with while doing so. Achieving a Bachelor’s degree or a B. A. is a worthwhile goal for just about everyone. Why is it worth the time, effort and money to receive this diploma? Charles Murray in his article â€Å"Are Too Many People Going to College? † states, â€Å" Employers value the B. A. because it’s a no cost (for them) screening device for academic ability and perseverance† (pg. 233). The train of thought for employers is that the students with the drive and capabilities to succeed are the one’s that will attend college. This makes it close to impossible for a person with only a high school diploma to even be considered for a variety of jobs. Brian Kelly in his article â€Å"Is College Still Worth It? † has come across the same findings as Murray. He reports, â€Å" Hiring managers will tell you that creative intelligence and an ability to communicate are more useful in the long term. As a proven work ethic which is why persisting through four years of college is an admirable credential in itself† (pg. 8). College is supposed to teach a person how to think and work hard. That is something that any employer values greatly. The greater chance of a fulfilling career isn’t the only benefit to receiving a B. A. In 2007 the Census Bureau reported that the average college graduate had a yearly income of $57, 181 (Wilson pg. 260). The average high school graduate pulled in around $31, 286 yearly, leaving the college graduates earning around 80% more annually (pg. 260). Wilson also states that according to the Census Bureau the college graduate will earn around one million dollars more than the high school graduate (pg. 260). This is reason enough for many people to buckle down for the time it takes to earn his or hers degree. A fear for many is that the debt someone will leave college with will be unmanageable. The reasoning for this being unemployment rates as well as the fear of how long it will take to pay off his or hers debt. It’s true unemployment is a crisis that many are facing but it’s much scarier to be only a high school graduate in the economy currently. The rates of unemployment for a Bachelor’s degree holder over twenty-five is estimated to be around 4. 4% (Wilson pg. 260). For a high school diploma holder over twenty-five the unemployment rate is an even greater number at 9. 3% according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (pg. 260). As for paying off the debt accumulated in college, those figures aren’t as frightening. According to Sandy Baum, a senior analyst at College Board, â€Å"A student with twenty thousand dollars of debt should be able to make at least that amount in extra earnings in one to two year’s time simply by having earned a college diploma† (qtd. in Wilson). What is the key to unlocking the door for a brighter future? Apparently it’s a B. A. but if this is the case then why are dropout rates so high? When students are making the decisions to go to college, they are typically pushed to attend college rather than doing so out of free will. These students are the one’s that parents, teachers, and guidance counselors assume will succeed the most in that kind of environment. The truth is rather sad when it comes to how the students actually fared in their academic pursuit. Dana Goldstein in her article â€Å"Should All Kids Go to College? † informs that only fifty three percent of students actually finish their degree in four years, and half the students that attend a two-year college drop out before finishing. But this isn’t the only surprising information she writes about in her article. There is another group of students who unlike their peers, aren’t pushed as much into attending college. Kati Haycock, president of Think Tank Trust in Washington, DC, shocks with her statement of, Most schools sill resist the idea that all kids can and should be college-ready. By continuing long-standing practices of sorting and selecting, they created what is essentially an educational caste system- directing countless young people, especially low-income students and students of color, away from college-prep courses and from seeing themselves as ‘college material’ (qtd. n Goldstein). With these standards given in high schools these students pushed away from college will not ever think of themselves as able to perform well in a college environment, which greatly limits their future professionally. Goldstein shows in her article the research showing that with the decline of the manufacturing economy these students are the ones who would gain the most from the four-year college experience. The question is now, why are these students unable to realize their potential or stay focused in college? Most of the time these teenagers are unable to say what they want to do with their careers or lives. Going to college isn’t easy for anyone without a clear idea of what their striving for, which makes the entire experience even more frustrating for them. So how can these students go into college somewhat knowing what they want to do with their time there? The best solution is to allow these teenagers to explore the professional world while still in high school. If they can do that, then they won’t spend extra time or money changing their majors all throughout college unable to decide what their desires are. There is a program that has been implemented in a few schools across the nation called Career and Technical Education or CTE (Goldstein). These programs integrate school with real world occupational training so that students can have hands on experience with a job that they would like to pursue in college. The training available to these students includes internships, dual enrollment and hands on work out in the field (Goldstein). All of this is done while in high school accomplishing their high school diploma and getting a head start on college. Programs like the previous are great ideas that the government has been using to help these students struggling find their goals. It may be a while until these CTE schools are seen more but at least the students able to take advantage of them are showing the country how beneficial the programs are. With ideas like this, it is possible to cut down on the money and time wasted during college for someone who isn’t positive they would like to be there. It also allows the students who are judged due to unfair standards to prove that they are college material and able to do great things. There would be less wondering about whether or not they want to attend college because they have experience with the career of their choosing and are able to map out their future much more clearly. Overall the idea is yes, higher education is worth the price. The Bachelor’s degree alone can take someone to higher levels than just a high school diploma. College is costly, it is time consuming, and it is hard but when someone is dedicated it becomes increasingly easier. The solutions to making college more achievable for everyone isn’t ever going to be easy but there are steps that can be taken in the right direction. As long as students aren’t discriminated against or pushed into something they are unsure of, when the time is right for them to attend college they will do so in a way that will benefit them the most. Add in programs like the Career and Technical Education schooling and these students can come out on top ready for the work force. Higher education may not be for everyone, but for the people who do take the challenge reap benefits for the rest of his or hers lives.

How to Find Funeral Home Records

How to Find Funeral Home Records Funeral home records can be a valuable, but often underutilized, resource for family historians and other researchers trying to identify a date of death, or the names of relatives, for a particular individual. This is especially true in localities where funeral home records may pre-date state or local laws requiring the recording of deaths. While funeral homes are generally private businesses, their records can still often be accessed for family history research, if you know where to look and who to ask. What Can I Expect to Find in Funeral Home Records? Funeral home records vary greatly by location and time period, but typically contain basic information about where a person died, names of surviving relatives, the dates of birth and death, and the place of burial. More recent funeral home records may include more in-depth information, such as details on parentage, occupation, military service, organizational memberships, the clergymans name and church, and even the name of the deceaseds insurance company. How to Locate the Funeral Home To determine the undertaker or funeral home who handled the arrangements for your ancestor or other deceased individual, search out a copy of the death certificate, obituary notice or funeral card to see if the undertaker or funeral home is listed. The cemetery where your ancestor is buried may also have a record of the funeral home which handled the arrangements. City or business directories from the time period may be of assistance in learning which funeral homes were in business in the area. If that fails, the local library or genealogical society may be able to help you identify likely funeral homes. Once you locate a name and city, you can get the actual address of the funeral home through the American Blue Book of Funeral Directors, or through the phone book. How to Get Information from a Funeral Home Many funeral homes are small, family-owned businesses with few people on staff and little time to handle genealogy requests. They are also privately-owned businesses and are under no obligation to provide any information. The best way to approach a funeral home with a genealogy or other non-urgent request is to write a polite letter with as many details as you can provide and the specific information for which you are searching. Offer to pay for any time or copying expenses that are incurred, and enclose a SASE for their reply. This allows them to handle your request when they have the time, and increases the chances of receiving a response - even if the answer is no. What if the Funeral Home Is Out of Business? If the funeral home is no longer in business, dont despair. Most defunct funeral homes were actually taken over by other funeral homes who will often keep the older records. Funeral home records can also be found in library, historical society, or other archival collections and, increasingly, online (do a search for funeral home plus the [name of the locality] in which you are searching). Was a Funeral Home Even Used? Funeral records in the United States generally date back to the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. The practice of embalming was not very prevalent prior to the Civil War and the death of President Abraham Lincoln.  Most funerals prior to that time (and even more recently in more rural areas) generally took place at the decedent’s home or a local church, with burial taking place within one to two days of death. The local undertaker was often a cabinet or furniture maker, with a side business making caskets. If no funeral home was operating in the locality at the time, it is still possible that business records of the local undertaker may be found preserved as a manuscript collection at a state library or local historical society. Some records of a funeral can also often be gleaned from probate records, which may include receipts for funeral expenses such as the casket and digging of the grave.

Energy From Wavelength Example Problem

Energy From Wavelength Example Problem This example problem demonstrates how to find the energy of a photon from its wavelength. Key Takeaways: Find Photon Energy From Wavelength The energy of a photo is related to its frequency and its wavelength. It is directly proportional to frequency and inversely proportional to wavelength.To find energy from wavelength, use the wave equation to get the frequency and then plug it into Plancks equation to solve for energy.This type of problem, while simple, is a good way to practice rearranging and combining equations (an essential skill in physics and chemistry).Its also important to report final values using the correct number of significant digits. Energy from Wavelength Problem - Laser Beam Energy The red light from a helium-neon laser has a wavelength of 633 nm. What is the energy of one photon? You need to use two equations to solve this problem: The first is Plancks equation, which was proposed by Max Planck to describe how energy is transferred in quanta or packets. Plancks equation makes it possible to understand blackbody radiation and the photoelectric effect. The equation is:E hÃŽ ½ whereE energyh Plancks constant 6.626 x 10-34 J ·sÃŽ ½ frequency The second equation is the wave equation, which describes the speed of light in terms of wavelength and frequency. You use this equation to solve for frequency to plug into the first equation. The wave equation is:c ÃŽ »ÃŽ ½ wherec speed of light 3 x 108 m/secÃŽ » wavelengthÃŽ ½ frequency Rearrange the equation to solve for frequency:ÃŽ ½ c/ÃŽ » Next, replace frequency in the first equation with c/ÃŽ » to get a formula you can use:E hÃŽ ½E hc/ÃŽ » In other words, the energy of a photo is directly proportional to its frequency and inversely proportional to its wavelength. All that remains is to plug in the values and get the answer:E 6.626 x 10-34 J ·s x 3 x 108 m/sec/ (633 nm x 10-9 m/1 nm)E 1.988 x 10-25 J ·m/6.33 x 10-7 m E 3.14 x -19 JAnswer:The energy of a single photon of red light from a helium-neon laser is 3.14 x -19 J. Energy of One Mole of Photons While the first example showed how to find the energy of a single photon, the same method may be used to find the energy of a mole of photons. Basically, what you do is find the energy of one photon and multiply it by Avogadros number. A light source emits radiation with a wavelength of 500.0 nm. Find the energy of one mole of photons of this radiation. Express the answer in units of kJ. Its typical to need to perform a unit conversion on the wavelength value in order to get it to work in the equation. First, convert nm to m. Nano- is 10-9, so all you need to do is move the decimal place over 9 spots or divide by 109. 500.0 nm 500.0 x 10-9 m 5.000 x 10-7 m The last value is the wavelength expressed using scientific notation and the correct number of significant figures. Remember how Plancks equation and the wave equation were combined to give: E hc/ÃŽ » E (6.626 x 10-34 J ·s)(3.000 x 108 m/s) / (5.000 x 10-17 m)E 3.9756 x 10-19 J However, this is the energy of a single photon. Multiply the value by Avogadros number for the energy of a mole of photons: energy of a mole of photons (energy of a single photon) x (Avogadros number) energy of a mole of photons (3.9756 x 10-19 J)(6.022 x 1023 mol-1) [hint: multiply the decimal numbers and then subtract the denominator exponent from the numerator exponent to get the power of 10) energy 2.394 x 105 J/mol for one mole, the energy is 2.394 x 105 J Note how the value retains the correct number of significant figures. It still needs to be converted from J to kJ for the final answer: energy (2.394 x 105 J)(1 kJ / 1000 J)energy 2.394 x 102 kJ or 239.4 kJ Remember, if you need to do additional unit conversions, watch your significant digits. Sources French, A.P., Taylor, E.F. (1978). An Introduction to Quantum Physics. Van Nostrand Reinhold. London. ISBN 0-442-30770-5.Griffiths, D.J. (1995). Introduction to Quantum Mechanics. Prentice Hall. Upper Saddle River NJ. ISBN 0-13-124405-1.Landsberg, P.T. (1978). Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics. Oxford University Press. Oxford UK. ISBN 0-19-851142-6.

How to Use Faire and Rendir in French

How to Use Faire and Rendir in French If youre making something and want to say so in French, which verb do you use, faire  or rendir? This is more complicated than it may seem, because to make can be translated into French in a number of ways. These two verbs are the most common and each has rules governing when and how to use them.   General Usage If youre speaking about making something in a very general sense, then you should use  faire. For example:   Ã‚  Ã‚   Je fais un gà ¢teau  Ã‚  Ã‚  Im making a cake  Ã‚  Ã‚  Fais ton lit  Ã‚  Ã‚  Make your bed  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il a fait une erreur  Ã‚  Ã‚  He made a mistake The same rule applies when implying causality:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Cela  ma  fait  penser  Ã‚  Ã‚  That made me think  Ã‚  Ã‚  Il me  fait  faire  la  vaisselle  Ã‚  Ã‚  Hes making me do the dishesTo make in the sense of producing something is fabriquer, while in the sense of building its construire. To talk about forcing someone to do something (e.g., Make me!), use obliger or forcer. Special Cases Things get a little more complicated if you are describing how something makes you feel. In these cases, you should use  faire when its followed by a noun in French, and rendre when its followed by an adjective. For example:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Cela me fait mal  Ã‚  Ã‚  That makes me feel pain. That hurts (me).  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tu me fais honte !  Ã‚  Ã‚  You make me feel so ashamed!  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cette pensà ©e fait peur  Ã‚  Ã‚  That thought makes me scared. Its a frightening thought.      Cela me rend heureux  Ã‚  Ã‚  That makes me happy.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Le poisson ma rendu malade  Ã‚  Ã‚  The fish made me sick.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest te rendre fou  Ã‚  Ã‚  Its enough to make/drive you crazy. There are some exceptions, of course. For the following nouns, you need to use the verb donner:      donner soif quelquun  Ã‚  Ã‚  to make someone thirsty  Ã‚  Ã‚  donner faim quelquun  Ã‚  Ã‚  to make someone hungry  Ã‚  Ã‚  donner froid quelquun  Ã‚  Ã‚  to make someone (feel) cold  Ã‚  Ã‚  donner chaud quelquun  Ã‚  Ã‚  to make someone (feel) hotBecause all of the above are adjectives in English, you might have a little trouble deciding if the French word is a noun or an adjective. The solution is to think about which French verb it needs to mean to be. Nouns need avoir (avoir mal, avoir soif) while adjectives need à ªtre (à ªtre heureux, à ªtre malade). Other Verbs Many expressions that include to make in English are translated by completely different verbs in French: to make angry fcher to make an appointment donner/prendre rendez-vous to make believe (pretend) faire semblant to make a decision prendre une dcision to make do se dbrouiller to make friends/enemies se faire des amis/ennemis to make the grade y arriver to make (someone) late mettre quelquun en retard to make a meal prparer un rpas to make money gagner de largent to make sure sassurer, vrifier to make tired fatiguer to make up (invent) inventer, fabriquer(after a fight) se rconcilier(with cosmetics) se maquiller

Explain the relationship between sociology and modernity. How relevant Essay

Explain the relationship between sociology and modernity. How relevant is this relationship today - Essay Example The main key for the eradication of inequality is education. His views made sociology the discipline of societal and individual progress by means of the spread of knowledge and its cultural dissemination. (Ward, 1994) Sociology is known as the rigorous and scientific study of individual and community behavior in a given society. Sociology focuses on society. Anthropology focuses on man. However, these two disciplines are inherently intertwined and closely linked. The roots of sociology are entrenched in the soil of the Enlightenment. The Enlightenment discussed the natural philosophy of the human condition. The drive to improve the human condition shaped the self-conscious purposes of analyzing society. (Dentler, 2002) Condorcet had an opportunity to witness the suffering of the people. However, their analyses were lacking. The first basic principle of the Enlightenment was toleration of man, irrespective of race, religion and ethnicity. The second one is freedom as opposed to feudal restraints to behavior. The third one is uniformity of human nature. The fourth one is secularism which emphasized that secular knowledge must be free from the constraints of religious orthodoxy. (Ward, 1994). The nineteenth century started the move for a concrete analysis of society. The developments of Darwinian Theory became the main feature of the nineteenth century. It paved the way to the emerging social sciences which focused on the concrete analysis of social, economic, and psychological events. There were efforts to map and describe contemporary societies. The general school curriculum was changed by the analytical depictions of the current civilization. (Marsh and Keating, 2005) The industrial and democratic revolutions are sometimes seen as the social phenomena constituting modernity. (Wagner, 1994). The notion of modernity affirms, sociologically and historically, that there was a discontinuity in the discourses on

The role and structure of IASB Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

The role and structure of IASB - Essay Example This group formulating and developing accounting standards turned out to be the basis of the establishment of an independent accounting body for the purpose of issuing accounting standards to be used worldwide, which was named as International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) (Knowledge Guide to International Accounting Standards, accessed 14.02.06). The International Accounting Standards Committee (IASC) was formed in the year 1973 in the pursuit of international community towards the development of accounting standards capable of being used throughout the world and IASC focused on this mission soon after its creation. Initially ten countries collaborated their efforts for the formation of International Accounting Standards Committee. During the reign of IASC, several accounting standards were developed but the goal of harmonisation could not be achieved due the lack of implementation of those standards. Furthermore, those standards provided great room for the manipulators to play around with the rules and regulation. It was in 1997 that IASC realised the significance of harmonised accounting standards and the increasing need for comparability of financial statements at a global level leading to the restructuring and remodelling of IASC. In the year 2001, the standard setting responsibilities of International Accounting Standards Committee was taken over by the new International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) with a view to restructure it to meet the challenges of the 21st century (Accounting: Introduction: background to the introduction of International Accounting Standards: a brief history, accessed 14.02.06). The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) works under the supervision of International Accounting Standards Committee Foundation (IASCF), which was created in March 2001. The existing new structure consists of IASB, being given the responsibility to formulate and

Transformed Worldviews Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Transformed Worldviews - Research Paper Example These values had been instilled in one’s persona early during one’s stage of child development and growth. It was handed down from generation to generation as documented among the Ten Commandments: â€Å"Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbour† (Holy Bible, New International Version, 2011). Thus, the verse stressed the importance of not telling lies and adherence to the truth. The modernist’s view is similar to one’s personal viewpoint. One actually gained knowledge of the truth from this view. In the reading entitled â€Å"Idolatry of Novelty† written by Lynn Gardner, the author emphasized that truth is actually anti-thetical with the acceptance of alleged false teaching: â€Å"'Doing truth' (or 'acting truly') is an Old Testament expression used especially when fidelity between two parties is the subject. Whether spoken or expressed in action, the truth is never to be dissociated from love." "Grace and truth" came through J esus Christ (John 1:14, 17)† (Gardner, n.d., pp. 15-16). Likewise, truth, as asserted here, reverts from the source in the Holy Bible: as emanating from Jesus Christ; and the teachings relayed, communicated, and documented through the Bible attests to the need to adhere to ethical, moral, and legal standards which conform to truth, based on facts and reality. In addition, Packer (1993) averred that truth in the Bible means â€Å"stability, reliability, firmness, trustworthiness, the quality of a person who is entirely self-consistent, sincere, realistic, undeceived. God is such a person: truth, in this sense, is his nature, and he has not got it in him to be anything else† (p. 127). Therefore, God is the perfect embodiment of truth because in His Divinity, He was noted not be have any ability to lie... Different people gain knowledge about God through diverse modes and medium. From the material from class texts and discussion, one acknowledges that people learn about God from stories, narrations and testimonies of family members and relatives; from theology or religion courses; through the scriptures, specifically through the teachings in the Holy Bible; through attendance of religious practices and obligations (masses for the Catholics); and through personal interests and intentional pursuits. Knowing about God comes from information gathered or collected from external sources or from the experiences of other people who shared the information to others. As emphasized, â€Å"â€Å"knowing† God is of necessity a more complex business than â€Å"knowing† another person, just as â€Å"knowing† my neighbor is a more complex business than â€Å"knowing† a house, or a book, or a language. The more complex the object, the more complex is the knowing of it†. The critical aspect of the knowing about God is the contention that â€Å"knowing them is more directly the result of their allowing us to know them than of our attempting to get to know them†.

The impact of E-commerce on the auditing standards Dissertation

The impact of E-commerce on the auditing standards - Dissertation Example Continuous innovation in the information world has drastically changed the nature of works of business organization as well as of individuals. Substantial dependence on information system has also enhanced individuals’ innovative power. Today people can not only dream about some spectacular thing, but they can actually give a realistic shape to their dreams with the implementation of information system. For example, a few decades ago it was even beyond imagination that people can get the opportunities to enroll themselves in any foreign universities without making any physical presence. But continuous and spectacular innovations in the field of information technology have made people dream about distant learning where they can be in continuous touch with their tutors and college administration without making there physical presence in college campuses. Thus information system not only revolutionized they way people do their works, but also the way people think. In this age of highly improved information age ecommerce has become a very popular term. E-commerce can be defined as â€Å"the use of electronic transmission medium (telecommunication) to engage in the exchange, including buying and selling of products and services requiring transportation either physically or digitally from location to location. Introduction of ecommerce has been found to have produced some positive effects on economic performance of a country. It offers innovative ways of selling, delivering and receiving of goods and services and affects almost every industry and all aspects of business mechanisms and in this process dramatically contributes to productivity enhancement of the industries. In the field of auditing, ecommerce has been taking its place at very fast pace. However, it would be The proposed study will consider a particular set of widely used auditing standards in order to evaluate the effects of ecommerce on that set of auditing standards. For the purpose of the pro posed study, the impacts of ecommerce on US GAAS (US Generally Accepted Auditing Standards) will be studied. Thus the theme of the study can be written as follows: Effects of e-commerce on a particular set of auditing standards, i.e. US GAAS, in terms of the application of US GAAS and the outcomes. However, before proposing research questions and relevant research methods, it is very necessary to look into the findings of existing literatures in the relevant field of study. Given the research theme stated above, a number of research questions and corresponding hypotheses should be postulated in order to asses the impact of ecommerce. Now, one thing should be mentioned at this juncture in order to understand the next section that a number of factors are associates with the application of a particular set of auditing standards. The most vital factors are audit planning and implementation of audit plan. The research questions that should be presented later in this proposal should take into account all these facts. Apart form these, some parameters relating audit plan and implementation of audit plan should be taken into account in this research in order to measure the effect ecommerce on these variables. The literature review section should explain all the issue relating to impact of ecommerce on auditing, issues concerning audit planning and issues relating to proper implementation of audit plan. All these will provide required explanations of the research questions to be postulated after the literature revi

Automotive Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Automotive - Assignment Example The rate of motor vehicles deregistration stands at 20% yearly. However, the owners of the abandoned motor vehicles are not easily traced. The New Zealand authorities always try to locate the owners of the abandoned vehicles. Their search at times pays. The authorities are able to locate about 35% of the abandoned car owner. However, this rate is minimal compared to the rate of vehicles which are being abandoned yearly (Kenny, 2001). New Zealand had a total of 1.5 million passengers’ cars in the year 1986. This number considerably increased to 2.5 million in the year 2004. The approximated value of used cars that are being imported to the country stands at 70%. Most of these used cars are abandoned by their owners on both private and public properties. The abandonment of these used cars possessed a lot of environmental concerns. This has prompted the motor vehicle industry to come up with policies that reduce the pollution caused. Some of these policies are removal of operating fluids, battery, LPG tanks, tires, CFCs present in the air conditioning units, and defusing of air bags and seat-belts. New Zealand authorities therefore, need to benchmark with Western Europe countries so as to solve their motor vehicle abandonment practices. This is because Western Europe currently leads the world in the management of used motor vehicles. Some of the laid down approaches for proper motor vehicle management are th e use of the EU Directive. This directive on motor vehicles was adopted in the year 2000 (Cassells, 2004). EU directive takes into consideration the extended manufacturer responsibility. The directive has also set reuse and various recovery targets. The success of this directive cannot be easily determined at the moment. However, other member countries like the Netherlands and Germany has taken the lead in the implementation of this policy. These two countries have successfully been able to recycle used motor vehicles within their territory. Sweden being

The impact of E-commerce on the auditing standards Dissertation

The impact of E-commerce on the auditing standards - Dissertation Example Continuous innovation in the information world has drastically changed the nature of works of business organization as well as of individuals. Substantial dependence on information system has also enhanced individuals’ innovative power. Today people can not only dream about some spectacular thing, but they can actually give a realistic shape to their dreams with the implementation of information system. For example, a few decades ago it was even beyond imagination that people can get the opportunities to enroll themselves in any foreign universities without making any physical presence. But continuous and spectacular innovations in the field of information technology have made people dream about distant learning where they can be in continuous touch with their tutors and college administration without making there physical presence in college campuses. Thus information system not only revolutionized they way people do their works, but also the way people think. In this age of highly improved information age ecommerce has become a very popular term. E-commerce can be defined as â€Å"the use of electronic transmission medium (telecommunication) to engage in the exchange, including buying and selling of products and services requiring transportation either physically or digitally from location to location. Introduction of ecommerce has been found to have produced some positive effects on economic performance of a country. It offers innovative ways of selling, delivering and receiving of goods and services and affects almost every industry and all aspects of business mechanisms and in this process dramatically contributes to productivity enhancement of the industries. In the field of auditing, ecommerce has been taking its place at very fast pace. However, it would be The proposed study will consider a particular set of widely used auditing standards in order to evaluate the effects of ecommerce on that set of auditing standards. For the purpose of the pro posed study, the impacts of ecommerce on US GAAS (US Generally Accepted Auditing Standards) will be studied. Thus the theme of the study can be written as follows: Effects of e-commerce on a particular set of auditing standards, i.e. US GAAS, in terms of the application of US GAAS and the outcomes. However, before proposing research questions and relevant research methods, it is very necessary to look into the findings of existing literatures in the relevant field of study. Given the research theme stated above, a number of research questions and corresponding hypotheses should be postulated in order to asses the impact of ecommerce. Now, one thing should be mentioned at this juncture in order to understand the next section that a number of factors are associates with the application of a particular set of auditing standards. The most vital factors are audit planning and implementation of audit plan. The research questions that should be presented later in this proposal should take into account all these facts. Apart form these, some parameters relating audit plan and implementation of audit plan should be taken into account in this research in order to measure the effect ecommerce on these variables. The literature review section should explain all the issue relating to impact of ecommerce on auditing, issues concerning audit planning and issues relating to proper implementation of audit plan. All these will provide required explanations of the research questions to be postulated after the literature revi

Classroom management plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Classroom management plan - Essay Example Respecting one another is important because it maintains class decorum. Moreover, it is important to have a safe and conducive environment for supporting learning. Therefore, students will not be allowed to call names of each other in order to blame one another like the children do normally. Besides this, it is also important to study in an environment which is clean because this also ensures good health which is the reason why the children will not be permitted to eat and drink inside the classroom. To enhance learning, creating a conducive student-teacher relationship is essential for which it is vital for the teacher to listen and communicate with the students openly. Therefore, the ideas of the students must be listened and they should be encouraged to participate. Since the benches would be placed in form of rows and columns in the classroom, the children will move out of the class one by one forming a line and will enter the classroom in the similar manner to avoid congestion for the other students. After entering the class room, the children will keep their backpacks under their tables and will keep their lunch boxes inside the drawer below each table. Homework will be submitted by them by passing all the note books towards the front row from where the classroom monitor will collect all the copies and keep them aside for the teacher. Students will enter and go out of the classroom in the similar manner when they will leave for lunch, recess, library and assembly as this will ensure that discipline is maintained. I will have three monitors in the classroom from which two would be boys while one would be a girl. One boy and girl would be responsible for maintaining the class discipline while the other boy would be responsible for collecting all the homework note books from the students. Monitors will be changed on a monthly basis. Students will receive worksheets, writing paper, books, crayons, glue, and scissors,

Food Is More Than What We Eat Essay Example for Free

Food Is More Than What We Eat Essay The food we consume everyday has more to it than a source of fuel and part of our human essentials. Though we may not realise, food plays a part of many people’s culture, religion and even employment, where food plays a significant role in their everyday lives. Today, food serves a fairly major role in our society. Due to globalisation and other global factors, there has now been a mix and harmonious diversity in cultures around the world and food is one of the main evidence of that. This can just be seen by walking to your local stores where there are at least two or more food stores/ restaurants from different cultures. This is particularly evident in Australia, as immigrants from across the globe bring with them to Australia their cultures, beliefs and lifestyles to their new homes- with food being one of them. Many of these different cultures are now welcomed, accepted and shared, which provides employment for many people. This is not only evident in the Western continents, but many other Asian countries, where you would see many restaurants, snacks stores and street stores. Food is also used to distinguish the ‘classes of certain groups and/or areas. For example, in the city where there are more higher classed people, majority of the restaurants and cuisines tend to be a lot more expensive than those in the outer suburban areas. The functions of food in cultures vary between cultures, but majority of the time plays a significant role. There are different beliefs and morals, religious and food rules/ etiquettes that are associated with food of different cultures. An example of a food belief/moral would be in China noodles represent longevity, therefore it should not to be broken off or bitten off but put all into your mouth to chew to swallow. Food has not only been applied in beliefs and morals, but also religion. This can be seen in the Buddhism, where vegetarian dietary is preferred for serious believers. Sometimes food etiquette is incorporated into the religious side of food. For example in China it is considered extremely rude and impolite to stick your chopsticks upright in your rice as it is how it appears in funerals and is disrespectful to the elderly. The use of food in traditions and celebrations is another way to show how food has a deeper meaning that being sustenance. Traditions vary between cultures, but even families and individuals. Everyone has their own ‘style’ that they live with and pass on to their family who if they decide to continue the tradition passes on to future generations. Some of these traditions in terms of culture can be having rice has your main staple for most Asian cultures, while in Australia they have many different staples ranging from bread to grain foods. Food is also a big role player in celebrations. Many cultures have special foods that are only eaten or mostly eaten on certain days or events. For example in China on Chinese New Year, moon cakes are eaten, while in Australia, citizens have BBQs on Australia Day and eat ANZAC biscuits on ANZAC day. Food has also been a reason for unity of people. People like to eat whether it is at home or in restaurants in groups, where they not only enjoy the food together but can also start up conversations. For some families during dinner time may be the only time where they sit together and talk about their day. On a larger scale, food and global factors has allowed people of different backgrounds and cultures to accept and understand each other’s cultures. As previously mentioned, where we can now have food that are not from your culture. Because of food being eaten by many cultures, there are modifications to some foods so that more people can eat them. For example, there are now many vegetarian foods such as vegetarian pies and noodles for people with vegetarian diets.

A hybrid manager

A hybrid manager Introduction A Hybrid manager can defined as a person who possesses strong technical skills and adequate business knowledge or vice versa. He should have the required skills needed in the technical as well as the management aspect. Along with that, he should also possess the management competences like communication skills, negotiation skills and also he should be able to motivate others working under him. A Hybrid manager should be able to reduce the gap between the business and technical aspects of the organization and build it with his expertise. Researchers have time and again suggested that any organisation which has business and technical department working in tandom with each other has an advantage over other organisations whose technical and business department is not integrated. And this role of integration of the business and technical department is performed by the Hybrid managers. History In 1989 Michael Earl defined the term ‘Hybrid manager as ‘People with strong ethical values and adequate business knowledge and vice versahybrids are people with technical skills able to work in user areas doing a line or functional job but adept at developing and supplementing IT application ideas ( Michael Earl, 1989). In 1990 Colin Palmer [1], Chairman of the British Computer Society Task Group on hybrid managers, wrote: â€Å"The (hybrid manager) term was coined by Michael Earl, Director of OXIIM at Templeton College, Oxford, as a result of a number of pieces of research that he and his colleagues had been undertaking. They noticed that in all the significant cases of successful implementation of information technology for competitive advantage or for achieving major change in organisations, there seemed to be a person at the heart of the development who displayed certain experience and characteristics. These were: an understanding of the business and what was required within the business, combined with a technical competence that enabled them to understand what was required in technical terms, including the scope of what was being planned. In addition to this, they displayed two types of organisational skills. They knew how to get about the business, and this implied that they knew the busines s and the people around it well, and they knew how to get things done, possessing a set of excellent social skills to listen, understand, negotiate and persuade† (Colin Palmer,1990). Information Technology International technology (IT) is considered as one of major and important routes for competitive advantage in todays modern business world. Hence, any company which lacks in IT has a disadvantage in comparison to those who possess this advantage. It in todays world is a pre-requisite for any firm. But, there are issues which are faced by IT and this makes it risky as well. According to a recent survey it was found out that the three main issues which are faced by IT are : Integrating IT with business Delivery on time and within budget Cost. The biggest problem for any organization lies in the integration of IT and Business. In business, one has to meet all the requirement of its client right from the quality of the product to the delivery date , the cost factor etc. All these things should be taken into consideration . IT cannot stand alone. It needs the support of business management. There are many questions which needs to be answered. Questions like the failure of software development projects meeting the requirements of it users or the product being not delivered on time or the increase in cost . The problem lies in both the departments, technical and management. There is a huge gap between both the parties which does not allow them to work efficiently. The increase in this gap is a matter of concern for the companies. Hence, any company which wants to succeed needs to bridge this gap. The Hybrid managers , who have an understanding of business and IT, can help bridge these gaps and smoothen the path oh project management and software development. And herein lies the need for hybrid managers. Characteristics of a successful Hybrid Manager Self-motivated/like being challenged A successful hybrid is self-motivated person. He does not need any external factors to motivate him/her. His motivation lies within. Whenever any kind of problem or complication arises, they have the ability to make decisions. A successful hybrid manager is the one can take care of issues his own. They set high goals and always look to reach at the top. They have the confidence to step out of their comfort zone and try new ideas and strategies.They will never give up. If stuck somewhere, they will try for various options to get out of it. Intelligent in the broad sense A successful hybrid has very good technical skills. At the same time he also has a good knowledge about the business. He is intelligent in the sense that he has a very good understanding of of his job. Coping with conflicts He is not afraid of difficulties or problems. He is a self-motivated personality and hence he has the ability to cope with pressure. He can take care of any issues. Even if he is stuck at something, he will try and come out of it. Flexible Flexibility is another very important trait of a successful hybrid. He is open to change and new ideas. He adapts quickly to any environment, changing conditions or any other obstacles in his working. Adjusting to new and different conditions and situations is extremely vital for any successful hybrid. Energetic and persistent He is full of energy . He keeps the work environment very lively and makes it easy to work. Having a lively and relaxed environment is extremely important for any organisation in order to prosper. It helps the employees to work efficiently. Persistence is another important virtue of a successful hybrid manager. Along with being energetic, he should also be persistent so that it maintains a proper balance in the organisation. Good communication skills Good communication skills are the key for executing management skills. Good communication skills helps in having open conversations with the team members and avoids any misunderstanding within the group. It helps in conveying the correct message in a correct manner. And a successful hybrid possesses these skills. Leadership A successful hybrid manager is a very good leader. He possess the skills required by a good leader. A good leader is not only a self motivator but he also motivates others by his actions and words. A good leader is confident and supportive. He is always available to his team. He eludes positivity and leads by examples. Creativity A successful hybrid is very creative. He has a vision for the organisation and he strives hard to transform that vision into reality. Innovative Innovation is another very important quality in a successful hybrid. Along with creativity he also needs to be innovative in his approach towards the organisation. He needs to develop new and innovative ideas in order to help the organisation prosper and achieve its goals. Bridging the gap between Technical department and management This is the most important work of a hybrid manager. And a successful hybrid manager is the one who is able to bridge this gap and help maintain the balance between these two departments. Integration of these two departments is the virtue of a successful hybrid manager. The need for Hybrid managers With changing time, even the market is changing. The markets have globalised. It is the times of Globalisation. The competition has increased and the business has also become more competitive. The style of working has changed. Projects have become more critical, change programmes have become larger than before. The complexity of these programmes have increased. The company has to prove its viability of every initiative which it undertakes. Gone are days when people where included in the organisation for their vertical skills. In todays business environment, the company demands its managers to be allrounders. They should be more business aware. Todays managers have to be more competent than how they were 10 years back. It has become more complex. He has to get the best out of his staff either by developing their skills or by recruiting new employees any which ways. The staff has to be managed properly. Not only that, he also has to take care of the technical part as well. A lot of importance has to be given to the project and the team. This was not the case earlier. With changing times, as competition has increased, the managers have to use different techniques of managing the organisation. These responsibilities were not there 10 years before. There is also an increasing belief that the problems which the IT department faces are neither technical or fiscal in nature. Their main problem is organisational and managerial. Quality Output In todays highly competitive scenario, the quality of a product becomes the utmost important aim for any organisation. Now, companies cannot take the consumers or their clients for granted. They cannot take them for a ride. Today, people have lots of options which they can fall on. With the developing technology like the usage of internet, Just with the click of a button, the consumers can get what they want. Hence the focus on quality becomes extremely vital for any organisation in order to succeed. Hence, the role of hybrid managers becomes very important. The issue of quality is high on the companys agenda. The manager need to monitor the quality concern. His role is to examine the quality of the product while it is production. He should take the initiative to see to it that the quality of the product is maintained throughout. He should not wait until the product is developed completely and then check if there are nay faults or mistakes. He should check the products throughout unt il the development process till the product is completely finished. The hybrid manager should be responsible for the quality of the product .The hybrid should aim at creating a proper plan for assuring the quality of it product. Hence he needs to maintain the parameters of the quality. In business terms, quality could be defined as producing a business system on time, within budget, developed to agreed standards and providing the required degree of functionality. There are various verification techniques such as; Structured walkthroughs. Informal reviews/inspections. Quality assurance reviews. Quality audits. Hence , there is huge responsibility on the shoulders of the hybrid manager to ensure that the quality of the product is maintained when it reaches the consumer. Partnerships According to a research done by Henderson in IT projects he found out that personal relations was the reason for creating bonding in the organisation. According to him â€Å"You must have the ability to bypass the organization and go directly to someone who will . He insisted that, there is a need for building an effective building relationship between the line managers and the information system managers and the specialists. The gap between the line managers and the information system managers needs to be bridged. Miscommunication between any departments can have its effect on the organisation. Hence, the company needs to take appropriate steps in order to avoid any kind of faults. Hence, the hybrid managers come into the picture. They have expertise about the business management as well as the technical part. They can act as a link between these two departments. Thus, the hybrid managers play a very important role in the 21st century. Managing the change in business Change is the only constant. Whenever there is change in the business, there is always some kind of pressure on the manager to show results. The manager has to undertake lot of responsibilities. He has to manage and exercise a number of skills. He has to start making decisions. A solid foundation is a pre requisite for any kind of business. Hence, it is important for the hybrid manager to make a positive and controlled start. There are certain things which he needs to take into consideration like ; In brief, these initiation tasks can be seen as follows: Establishing Terms of references of the new programme The manager needs to understand the terms and reference of the new business. Proper structure A proper structure needs to be in place for any issue regarding the change in programme. Managing finances It is also important for the manager to take care of the new finances. Understanding the basis of program, how it changed, how it was established and how the finances. Change control procedures All the changes made should be handled in a controlled manner. All requests should be documented, impact assessed properly, priorities assigned and decisions made. If any procedure is left undefined then it will lead to loss of control. Determine/tune methodology The manager should be familiar with the structuring of change programmes and should understand what tuning is necessary to minimise the risk of failure. Job cutting less complications Hybrid managers can help the company in cost cutting as well. The managers are among the best paid employees. Therefore, having separate managers for the technical and management department will increase the expenditure of the company. In these times of recession, companies are looking to cut down on their workforce as much as possible. They are using different techniques to reduce their costs and total expenditure. All over the world , there are job cuts happening. Therefore having the same manager for the technical as well as the business management department will reduce the expenditure of the company to a certain extent. Also having a common manager will be less complicated than having separate managers. Having separate managers can become complicated as they have expertise in their respective fields but hybrid managers have skill and adequate knowledge in both the departments. Financial awareness : An hybrid manager literally means a person who looks after both the sectors in the business likely managerial as well as the technical aspect, here this financial awareness comes under the sector of the managerial were it is the duty of the hybrid manager to look after the sector of financial sector for the well being of the business. An hybrid manager should atleast have some knowledge on the basic accounting, simple cash flow statements, cash budgets, and things like that for the good functioning of the business. These basic knowledge on the financial sector will help the hybrid manager to understand the financial status of the business which gradually result in the development of the financial sector in the business. Knowledge in the financial will lead the hybrid manager to cover all the other sectors which are involved in the business because for every business financial sector is the main sector cause it is the place were the whole of the business is dependent on. If the financ ial sector of a business is not perfect then the whole business will collapse , at the same time if a financial sector of a business is perfect then the business can be brought high even from the level of mud. So it is the responsibility of the hybrid manager to look after the finance for the well being of the business. Hybrid manager should not only have an idea of the basic accounting but he should also have ideas on the day to day transactions which take place in the business, he should have known the details of the tangible and the intangible assets of the business, he should also be aware of the interest rates for the amount which is being lend to others and interest for the money which is being borrowed from others, overall he should have details on each and every single penny which is been spent, gained and invested in the business which is for the well being of the business where it is the duty of the hybrid manager to have all the details of the financial sectors and also the other sectors in the business. Risk Management: Risk is the key the word of every business where there is some or the other sort of risk involved in each and every business. There can be no business without the risk management. The only difference which might be there in every business would be whether it is taken on a small scale or the risk is taken in a large scale. As the hybrid manager it is the duty of him to take proper risk on the necessary time when needed for the development of the business. It is not advisable to take risk very often but it is the duty of the hybrid manager to take risk at the necessary times. It is easy to take risk and put the business under risk but the hybrid manager should have calculation on possible effects which may occur because of taking such risk in the business and should also have the calculation on how to overcome those circumstance and the possibilities to overcome those circumstances which should all be calculated before taking. He should act in such a way to minimise the chances of fail ure in the business because of taking such risks in the business. He should also have the estimation cost which would occur because of taking such risk in the business and he should also be capable of handling any situation in the business and should also be capable of handling pressure in the business which might occur because of taking such risks in the business. It is not that taking risk will always be successful for the business because there might be circumstance were it might also end up in failure where the hybrid manager should have the potential enough to manage those circumstance. The fear at those those circumstance will result in the failure of the business so the hybrid manager should have the potential to manage any situation which might occur in the business and he should have the capability of solving those problems. Effective and productive use of resources: The other important function of hybrid manager is effective and productive use of the resources where the hybrid manager should have the efficiency to utilize the maximum resource from each and every individual in the company which will result in the development of the business. There is a common saying which states that maximum utilization of minimum resources which means effective usage of the resources with the minimum level of source which is one of the most important functions of the hybrid manager where he should have knowledge of effective and productive use of the resources. A hybrid manager should be efficient enough to utilize each and every resource of the company for the well being and development of the company. He should have the efficiency to motivate each and every individual who works in the organisations for the development of the business. The ultimate aim of the hybrid manager is to increase the individuals productivity level in the organisation. it is the respons ibility of the hybrid manager to make use of each and every resources in the organisation for the benefit and development of the organisation. Coping with stress: Stress can easily be defined as pressure or demand on physical or mental energy which has an negative effective in it. There is a common saying which says that things can be properly done under pressure. Most of them think that stress and pressure are the same but it is not so pressure comes when there is too much of workload in the job or anything but pressure comes when there is too much of pressure in the job or anything, Being the head he can easily transfer his stress verbally or on nonverbal actions to other individual in the company but it is the duty of the hybrid manager to manager to cope up with the stress and solve the problems by himself because if the manager shows his stress on the other individuals in will naturally result in stress on other worker who work in the company which will result in lack of concentration and unnecessary fear which would end up in certain problems in the organisation so it is the duty of the hybrid manager to cope up with the stress and to ma intain it within himself to protect from unnecessary problems in the organisation. It is the duty of the hybrid manager to maintain peace and avoid pressure from the head of the other individuals who work under him, so that they can work properly without any pressure on him. Conclusion The role of a Hybrid manager is very complex. He needs to have knowledge about all the areas of the business and he also needs to exceed in them. He needs to make a difference to the organisation. A hybrid manager is a self-motivated person, a good leader, creative, has good communication skills, flexible and always there to help his staff and team. The ability of a hybrid manager is to showcase his all round skills. A hybrid manager can also be called as an all rounder. As the times are changing, the competition has also increased. With the ever increasing competition, every company is looking for different ways to emerge on the top. And in order to do this, having Hybrid managers is extremely vital. As the technology is developing, there is a need to go in hand in hand with it. And the hybrid managers are appropriate ambassadors to represent their respective organisations. Hence, as we have seen in this assignment, a hybrid manager is of great importance in the 21st century Global economy. There is a need to develop hybrid managers and enhance them for the growth of any organisation. Reference http://www.globalmorality.org/?q=content/hybrid-manager: last accessed 4 dec 2009 http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=5U7o0FlH-AsCpg=PA436lpg=PA436dq=michael+earl+hybrid+managersource=blots=J2n0xjB8lZsig=9pMgjkR9GaQDjntX3sZkIxPpZQghl=enei=tuQgS4nxJdm5jAfLx-TiBwsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=1ved=0CAgQ6AEwAA#v=onepageq=michael%20earl%20hybrid%20managerf=false: last accessed 4 dec 2009 http://itnow.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/38/6/22: last accessed 5 dec 2009 OConnor, G . Smallman, C. (1995). The hybrid manager: a review. Management Decision. 33 (7), 19-28. Homes, G. (2001). The hybrid manager. Industrial and Commercial Training. 33 (1), 16-26.

The Power of Zeus Teleios in the Oresteia :: Aeschylus Oresteia

The Power of Zeus Teleios in the Oresteia      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Is the action in the Oresteia preordained? Is the trilogy simply a working through of destiny and fate; the ultimate telos of the events being the downfall of the house of Atreus? Are the characters in the story destroyed by themselves or by the necessity of the deeds that are carried out? These are some of the questions I will discuss in this essay.    I wish to concentrate on the end of the story as we know it, the Eumenides, with reference to character portrayal in the previous parts of the trilogy. The characters I am really interested in discussing are Klytaemnestra, the Erinyes and Orestes in particular, but am also going to make brief reference to the characters of Elektra and Athena.    Klytaemnestra appears in all three plays in the trilogy: which through repetition, for me at least, makes her the most important character. More than anything, in the Oresteia, we watch Klytaemnestra become powerless. It is her transgression of limits1 that we see rectified.    Klytaemnestra in Agamemnon is a strong and wilful woman, who relishes her part in the downfall of Agamemnon himself. She is proud of her action, accepts full responsibility for his death at her hands; she takes her vengeance against him for the death of Iphigeneia2. This is shown in lines such as 'I exult' (A 1417) and after she kills him, 'you think I'm some irresponsible woman?' (A 1425). Aeschylus uses her to embody the powerful 'heroic' ethic of vengeance - blood for blood.    This is unusual firstly because she is a woman; it would seem more appropriate to use a hero in the traditional Homeric sense to embody a heroic ethic. Secondly, we have the dichotomy between the markedly female Erinyes, visualising the nature of 'blood for blood' in Eumenides and the act of vengeance itself - expressed in Homer as a male 'heroic' ethic.    We know this is the start of a trilogy because an audience cannot see a woman - especially one as anti-matriarchal as Klytaemnestra - triumph over a king as famous and respected as Agamemnon. Her downfall is intrinsically tied in with his; she catches herself in the 'great net' (A 1402) and it is her struggles that 'merely tightened the tangle.' (A 1403).   

Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Career Development :: Career Development Papers

Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Career Development Strategic interventions are required to keep young people who are disadvantaged because of poverty, cultural obstacles, or linguistic barriers from dropping out of school. Recent studies showing a relationship between a student's belief structure and behavior suggest that self-efficacy beliefs may be an important focus for intervention. This ERIC Digest discusses ways in which self-efficacy beliefs are influenced by various internal, external, and interactive factors and reflected in career-related outcome expectations and performance. It examines ways of channeling self-efficacy beliefs toward positive outcomes that lead to the development and expansion of career goals and expectations. It presents strategies for enhancing the self-efficacy and career development of students that draw upon contextual, problem-based, and community-based learning practices and promotes self-monitoring and self-assessment. Beliefs and Perceptions According to Bandura (1977), self-efficacy is mediated by a person's beliefs or expectations about his/her capacity to accomplish certain tasks successfully or demonstrate certain behaviors (Hackett and Betz 1981). Bandura postulates that these expectations determine whether or not a certain behavior or performance will be attempted, the amount of effort the individual will contribute to the behavior, and how long the behavior will be sustained when obstacles are encountered (ibid.). Self-efficacy expectations, when viewed in relation to careers, refer to a person's beliefs regarding "career-related behaviors, educational and occupational choice, and performance and persistence in the implementation of those choices" (Betz and Hackett 1997, p. 383). They are reflected in an individual's perception about his/her ability to perform a given task or behavior (efficacy expectation) and his/her belief about the consequences of behavior or performance (outcome expectation)(Hackett and Betz 1981). The Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT) developed by Lent, Hackett, and Brown (1996) draws upon Bandura's self-efficacy theory. It offers a framework for career development, explaining the interplay between educational and vocational interests, career-related choices, and performance. SCCT highlights the relationship among social cognitive variables (e.g., self-efficacy) and their relationship with other variables in the individual's socio-contextual environment, such as gender, race/culture, family, community, and political components (ibid.). Chen (1997) contends that this integration of self and social context offers an opportunity for individuals to gain a sense of control over their career development and increase their career-related self-efficacy expectations. Self-Efficacy and Learning When individuals have low self-efficacy expectations regarding their behavior, they limit the extent to which they participate in an endeavor and are more apt to give up at the first sign of difficulty.

Angles and Demons by Dan Brown Essay

Angles and Demons by Dan Brown was a reading choice out of curiosity rather than real interest because of the Da Vinci Code by the same author. I wanted to see what other works of fiction Dan Brown came up with before his controversial book. This book had me raising my eyebrows more than a few times with story line but that did not stop me from turning the pages until I got to the end. Angels and Demons basically follows the same formula as the Da Vinci Code. It begins with a murder which only Robert Langdon seems capable of solving with his knowledge of religious iconology and history; a strong female character, Vittoria Vetra, daughter to the murder victim Leonardo Vetra, assists Langdon in his â€Å"quest†; a hired assassin who is delusional, a fanatic and has unquestionable loyalty to his belief carries out an unforeseen but well-crafted plan; an ancient secret society, the Illuminati, is out to get revenge on the Church; finally, an unexpected mastermind who calls himself as Janus, works behind the curtains. An anti-matter canister was stolen from CERN when Leonardo Vetra was murdered and this is assumed to have a life span of 24 hours before the batteries die and it explodes. Brown remains true to using archaic bits of knowledge to leave a trail for Robert Langdon and Vittoria Vetra to follow from Switzerland to the Vatican City in order to find the missing anti-matter canister and find the murderer of Leonardo Vetra. The plot thickens when the anti-matter canister bomb threatens the Vatican and the conclave in the process of choosing the new Pope. The book ends dramatically with a seemingly miraculous event followed by the declaration of a new Pope. Though I enjoyed the chase more from Angels and Demons rather than the Da Vinci Code, I must say that, as a priest, Brown seems have some issues with the Church to come up with troubling concepts for his books. First you have Leonardo Vetra, a priest who turns away from the Church. He becomes a leading physicist of CERN and, together with his adopted daughter, tries to find God through science and research. They seem to be successful with the development of the anti-matter, which was stolen when Vetra was murdered. You also have a Pope who sired a child with a nun, though through artificial means. The child later becomes his camerlengo, the Pope’s Chamberlain. The camerlengo, Carlo Ventresca, unaware of his paternal parentage, murders the Pope upon knowing his dark secret with the belief that he is both cleansing and protecting the Church. Though the book is admittedly a work of fiction, it borders on tarnishing how Catholics and non-Catholics may view the Church and its priests. Brown puts into question the honesty and loyalty of priests to the Mother Church and their commitment to the vow of celibacy, as seen with the Pope. It is appalling to think that Jesus’ surrogates on Earth would be the first ones to violate their vows. Brown also pits religion versus science. Leonardo Ventra is murdered for his research on anti-matter which can supposedly prove the beginning of life, that science can prove God’s existence. I’d like to think that religion is a matter of faith and science is a matter of fact, the two just can’t mix when it comes to explaining God. Then you have the camerlengo who is himself delusional and a fanatic in his belief that the Church, and not science, is the saving power of the world with himself at the wheel of salvation. He goes to great lengths to get the world’s attention, discredit Science and put the Church on a pedestal for the world to see. Angels and Demons made me uncomfortable with the image of the Church that it created – a divided, secretive, vindictive and vulnerable body. Readers, both Catholics and non-Catholics should be discriminating of the events in this book, lest they forget that this is only a work of fiction.

Gender and the Media Essay

Socialisation is the way an identity is defined throughout life for a person. Children are seen a blank slate that is going to have a personality and roles set by the environment he lives in. A child generally has an idea on what gender they are by the time they are 2 years old. A boy will portray himself with the colour blue, would be very hyperactive and tend to bully girls. Females would be more mature, refer themselves to the colour pink and socialise with other girls, this is called primary socialisation. Personalities are defined through interactions with people that are close to them, there society’s values and they learn the attributes of their sex at a young age and they know what is expected of them as a certain sex. The person is reinforced by social praise and punishment so the person can learn from mistakes and good deeds. Media has played a massive part on how socialisation as occurred to an individual. I am directly concerned with how the media affects young women within today’s society, particularly through the use of gender stereotyping within young women’s magazines, mainly through articles and advertisements. Here, the ideas and beliefs already created by the media are useful to advertisers because they are socially accepted ideologies. They know that they will influence women. It has been stated in the past that it is these media interpretations of ‘The Perfect Woman’ that have been the cause for so many women becoming increasingly pressured into looking good and so dieting, keeping fit etc. This can, in extreme cases lead to serious psychological diseases such as anorexia and bulimia, where one of the main causes has been identified as social pressure. Society affects how people perceive themselves, Body Image awareness still exists in our society. Many people living on our society are influenced by the media and the fashion industry. Both are equally responsible for the increased number of people suffering from eating disorders. Fashion industries tend to only feature whose figures vary from eight to ten. Their androgynous waif-like figures are presented as representative of the everyday woman. In doing so the average woman in the street is forced to measure herself against an unrealistic ideal. Most models are above average height, have naturally lithe bodies and are aged between sixteen and thirty. Their image is constructed and manipulated by a predominately male homosexual industry which appears reluctant to show women as curvaceous individuals. Celebrities themselves fall foul of the dominant media representation of women. When society thinks of a family we automatically think of the nuclear family in which there is a mum, dad and often two or three children. This type is seen as the statistical norm until the 1980’s where it was considered abnormal to deviate from this ideal family type and there were characteristics that came with this which were seen as socially acceptable. Children were seen as the outcome of a loving heterosexual couple and each person i. e. the mum and dad should have distinctive roles within the family. The mother should be concerned with motherhood and household chores. The father should protect the family and be a disciplinary role model, as well as their main role being defined as the breadwinner, this meaning they often bring in the most money. The mother should be the housekeeper who attians the house and looks after the children as they grow up. A young male would grow up learning the princilpes of the father and the young female would grow up adobting the mather principles. Post modernism shows that gender is the main topic in an individual’s life as events that have occurred are directly linked to a individuals gender. Post modernism gives the individual more choice and that is the basis of post modernism, choice! The individual is more independent on their life choices; such old life ambitions of marriage and children are not compulsory but are a option that some people may seek. Unlike pre modernism and modernity where marriage and kids are ultimate goals and people automatically assume that this is the right path to follow. This gives way to new events that once were either not existent or unethical such as unisex and inter-racial marriages. It shows a deterioration of religion and supernatural belief, which leaves great division among people in identity and lifestyles. People are now working more flexible times, fashion has changed in such away that people can wear what they want, food is more oriental and music comes in a wide variety. Identity has separated into many huge groups such as social classes, ethnic group, age and gender. This leads to unrest to certain groups that want change as people now have a sense of spreading opinion and arguing their rights. Certain groups such as feminists, Marxist ideology and ageist rights. As choice and individual opinion now can be widely credited it gives chance for concern to be broadcasted such as the feminist supporters wanting females to be treated as equals among men. The first wave of feminism gave people the ideology in 1928 when they got the vote, which provoked the idea of gaining more such as the 2nd wave of feminism in the 1960’s when women burned the bra’s, this caused great reasoning between the two gender differences. Karl Marx however says that society not the individual is the important issue as that eventually the working class will soon rule society. This radical change has brought in new changes such as ‘the new man’ that is a unique gender that of a masculine and unemotional male, the new man focuses on his physical appearance and pays attention to diet, personality and self image, he is more emotional and doesn’t fit in with a patriarchy idea. As post modernism has totally effected today’s society it shows how an individual can make all the differences and how self concern and freedom is the new ideal but this idea could change and evidence suggests that it could lead to pre modernism of the old age as though it is a long term cycle of a society but critics say this is the final situation of society and the end solution is total equality among genders, races and age. This idea of choice could lead in any direction depending on current affairs within society yet time is not a important issue as this process could last a log time.

Doctrine of Estoppel in Australian Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Doctrine of Estoppel in Australian Law - Essay Example But then, if the plaintiff has said or done something that induced/caused the defendant to change his or her behavior and that reliance was reasonable, the courts hold the discretion to deny the remedy to the plaintiff. Estoppel is not a remedy "at law" in the jurisdictions of common law, but is based on the principles of equity. In most cases, it is only a defense used by the defendant to prevent the plaintiff from enforcing established legal rights, or from relying on a set of facts that would give rise to enforceable rights this can be in the form of words uttered or actions performed, if that enforcement or reliance can be seen as unfair to the defendant. Because its effect is to defeat generally enforceable legal rights, the scope of the remedy is often very limited. In the case of a debt, for instance, an estoppel could be claimed if the creditor tells the debtor that he has been forgiven of his debt, but then there has not been a formal termination of the debt. If later the creditor demands that the debt should be paid back, but the debtor, reling on the earlier information that the debt has been forgiven him, has innocently spent the money on something else, the creditor may be estopped from relying on the usual contractual right to repayment because it would be unfair to allow the creditor to change his mind. Estoppel provides a way in which promises can be legally binding, even when there is no consideration. Estoppel is reliance based and, and you should note that reliance was never sufficient to constitute a consideration. In strict terms, Estoppel has nothing to do with contract, which means it is not part of contract law in the traditional sense. It is something that exists as a separate body of law - just like negligence or trespass. Its importance is that it has impacted on the law of contract by making it possible to argue for legal obligations which are contract-like but which do not satisfy the traditional requirements of consideration. Estoppel has therefore had an important impact on contract, but, it should be kept in mind that estoppel is a general doctrine which operates in all sorts of other areas as well. A lot of learned commentators of great influence have argued that there should be, if there never was, but one doctrine of estoppel by conduct in Australian law. Their argument captured by Mr. Spence in his book as the desirability of the unification of common law and equitable estoppel, and he advocates for a model of unification in which equitable estoppel would be extended to cover assumptions of fact, thereby swallowing up the common law doctrine. This method of unification was advocated and explained by MasonCJ in his judgment in CommonwealthvVerwayen 2. Their major worry in relation to equitable estoppel is whether it is fundamentally concerned with preventing unconscionable conduct or with protecting reasonable reliance. They are wont to ask if equitable estoppel is essentially concerned with the representor's misconduct, or with the representee's plight This is basically what the learned authors, Meagher, Heydon and Leeming, mean when they said in their book3 that "there are influential proponents of the view that there now should be, if there has not always been, but one doctrine of estoppel by conduct". What it seems to me that they are saying is that there should

Financial Mangement Decisions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Financial Mangement Decisions - Essay Example With an interest of capital at 10% seeing from the NPV table we multiply the values with the respective year cash flow. Then we add all the present values and subtract the initial investment to reach the NPV. The NPV is $1,021,901. The NPV shows a huge and positive value of $1.2 million. The accounting theory says that any project with a positive NPV should be accepted. This criterion is met and it is the most important criteria since it keeps the time value of money into consideration for the whole stream of the cash flows. Any changes done in the above cash flows can and cannot change the decision. However this depends on the value of the change at the end of the project. The additional building would have to be further depreciated and this may cause the change in decision. And depending on the amount of money invested the NPV could also become negative leading to a change in decision. Also it needs to be noted that the payback period is very close to the 3 year policy of the company. If the payback period changes and goes over the 3 year mark, then the project would be rejected. Question - Many corporate acquisitions result in losses to the acquiring firms' stockholders. Accordingly, why do firms purchase other corporations Are they simply paying too much for the acquired corporation A co-worker asks your opinion. Specifically state the reasons for your argument. According to a research done by Sara Moeller, Frederik ... 1,021,901 3) Based on your answer for question 2, do you think the project should be accepted Why Assume Superior has a P/B (payback) policy of not accepting projects with life of over three years. Yes, the project should be accepted based on the calculations done above. The NPV shows a huge and positive value of $1.2 million. The accounting theory says that any project with a positive NPV should be accepted. This criterion is met and it is the most important criteria since it keeps the time value of money into consideration for the whole stream of the cash flows. The criterion set by Superior is also met as the payback is less than three years (2 years 11 months). Since both criterions are met, it is advised that this project should be accepted. 4) If the project required additional investment in land and building, how would this affect your decision Explain. Any changes done in the above cash flows can and cannot change the decision. However this depends on the value of the change at the end of the project. The additional building would have to be further depreciated and this may cause the change in decision. And depending on the amount of money invested the NPV could also become negative leading to a change in decision. Also it needs to be noted that the payback period is very close to the 3 year policy of the company. If the payback period changes and goes over the 3 year mark, then the project would be rejected. Part Two Question - Many corporate acquisitions result in losses to the acquiring firms' stockholders. Accordingly, why do firms purchase other corporations Are they simply paying too much for the acquired corporation A co-worker asks your opinion. Specifically state the reasons for your argument. In your own words, please provide a

Labour Dispute (identify Top 5 major issues between faculty and Essay

Labour Dispute (identify Top 5 major issues between faculty and university at St.FX university) - Essay Example Francis Xavier University. In the year 2012, a conflict was observed to take place between the StFX Association of University teachers and the StFX Administration board. In order to satisfy their demands, the teachers were further identified to call for a strike which further disrupted the entire education process of the university (McEvoy, 2012). Based on this understanding, the paper intends to identify the five major issues raised during the dispute among the faculties and the administration of StFX University. With reference to the news article written by Sean McEvoy with the title â€Å"StFX Professors O.K. Strike Option†, certain issues can be identified in the rudiments of the dispute between the faculty members of the university and the administration board. Among the various issues, inappropriate remuneration package, inadequate medical amenities, lack of job security along with financial problems can be identified as the four most significant problems caused through the dispute. Above all, the most significant issue that was identified with reference to this dispute was the lack of cooperation and coordination within the workforce and the administration board of the University. From an overall perspective, it can be observed that the faculty members of the university were not satisfied with the return they were able to avail through their employment in StFX University owing to the aforementioned issues which required greater consideration from the administration (McEvoy, 2012 ). By calling for a strike and disrupting the entire education process within the University, the faculty members wanted to ensure a comparative pay structure which shall be sufficient to satisfy their personal needs and assist StFX to obtain a competitive position in comparison to its sister institutions. According to McEvoy (2012), the issue concerning the weak pay structures was further observed to be informed to the administration in various instances. However, as no

Introduction to managerial accounting slp Assignment

Introduction to managerial accounting slp - Assignment Example With its many stores around the world, considering its chain, 16,120 stores in over 49 countries, over 10,000 stores in the United States, and many other outlets in the rest of the globe makes the company an international coffee powerhouse. The main products are the drip brewed coffee and expresso-based hot coffee drinks. As a good customer of Starbucks coffee products, I took a keen interest to study the company’s managerial accounting analysis in planning and controlling processes. This paper thus looks into how the managerial accounting works for planning and controlling processes in Starbucks. The financial records are the financial agents of any firm in matters concerning accounting management. Using the internal control process, it is true that the internal control of Starbucks over financial reporting includes maintaining records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect Starbucks’ transactions and give logical assurance that the transactions are recorded as necessary for preparation of our financial statements. Secondly, these managerial accounting principles give some logical facts and assurances that receipts and expenditures are made in accordance with management authorization (Gilligan & Wilson, 2009). Finally, the managerial accounting facts provide reasonable assurance that unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of company assets that could have a material effect on the Starbucks’ financial statements would be prevented or detected on a timely basis. In analyzing the roles of the managerial accounting in Starbucks, it is important to determine the facts about managerial accounting. According to Maital & Seshadri, (2007), managerial accounting is basically concerned with providing information to personnel within Starbucks’ organization so that they can plan, make decisions, evaluate performance, and control operations. There are no rules and regulations associated with this field since the information is intended solely